What is a Proximal Humerus Fracture?

What Causes a Proximal Humerus Fracture?

A fall onto the shoulder, force transmitted through an outstretched hand or a direct blow can break this part of the arm. Osteoporosis means that a simple household fall may be enough. Whether the break reaches the joint, how far the fragments have shifted and the condition of nearby tendons guide treatment.

Symptoms

• Severe pain spreading from the shoulder into the upper arm after an impact
• Marked difficulty lifting the arm or bending the elbow
• Rapid swelling and bruising around the shoulder
• Uneven shoulder contour when the fragments have moved

Frequently Asked Questions

Does a proximal humerus fracture need surgery?

Fractures that remain aligned can often heal with a sling, protected motion and follow-up. Plates, screws or a shoulder replacement may be considered when fragments are widely displaced, the joint surface is damaged or blood vessels and nerves are affected. X-rays and sometimes CT help determine the safest option.