What is a Stress Fracture?

What Causes a Stress Fracture?

Increasing running distance or training intensity too quickly, hard surfaces, unsuitable shoes, foot deformities and insufficient rest cause micro-damage to accumulate in the bone. Osteoporosis, vitamin D deficiency, poor nutrition and menstrual irregularities in female athletes increase the risk.

Symptoms

• Localised pain that starts with activity, eases with rest and gradually worsens
• Marked tenderness when pressing a single point on the bone
• Mild swelling in the area
• Later, pain at rest and at night

Frequently Asked Questions

Does a stress fracture show on X-ray?

In the first weeks the X-ray is often normal; MRI is the most sensitive test for early diagnosis. Treatment involves reducing load, using a protective boot or crutches if needed and a gradual return to activity. Stress fractures in high-risk sites such as the femoral neck need closer follow-up and sometimes surgery.